前言

x86 环境下的操作可以参考

ARM 环境主要基于信创要求，以下内容参照政务云提供的安装文档进行部署

软件环境

软件	版本
操作系统	Kylin Linux Advanced Server V10 (Halberd) SP3
Docker	28.0.4
Kubernetes	1.28.15

服务器整体规划：

角色	IP	组件
k8s-master1	192.168.120.51	kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler，etcd,kubelet，kube-proxy，docker
k8s-master2	192.168.120.52	kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler，etcd,kubelet，kube-proxy，docker
k8s-master3	192.168.120.53	kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler，etcd,kubelet，kube-proxy，docker
k8s-node1	192.168.120.54	kubelet，kube-proxy，docker , keepalived+ nginx
k8s-node2	192.168.120.55	kubelet，kube-proxy，docker, keepalived+ nginx
k8s-node3	192.168.120.56	kubelet，kube-proxy，docker, keepalived+ nginx
VIP	192.168.120.50

操作系统初始化配置

注意
在所有的主机操作系统上执行

安装依赖包

代码块

language	shell

yum install -y conntrack-tools conntrack ntpdate ntp ipvsadm ipset iptables curl sysstat libseccomp vim net-tools rpcbind nfs-utils

集群 ip 映射

代码块

language	shell

# shell：
ip_addr=$(ip addr show | grep -E 'inet.*brd' | grep -v '127.0.0.1' | awk '{print $2}' | cut -d '/' -f1 | head -n 1)
if [ -z "$ip_addr" ]; then
    echo "无法获取有效的IPv4地址"
else
    echo "检测到IP地址: $ip_addr"
    # 提取IP的最后一段
    ip_last_octet=$(echo "$ip_addr" | awk -F '.' '{print $4}')
    # 构造目标hostname
    target_hostname="host${ip_last_octet}"
    # 设置hostname
    hostnamectl set-hostname "$target_hostname"
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
        echo "$target_hostname" > /etc/hostname
    fi
fi

cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.120.51 host51
192.168.120.52 host52
192.168.120.53 host53
192.168.120.54 host54
192.168.120.55 host55
192.168.120.56 host56
EOF

关闭防火墙,关闭 selinux，禁用 swap 分区

代码块

language	shell

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0 && sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config && getenforce

swapoff -a && sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab

禁用 linux 的透明大页、标准大页

代码块

language	shell

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo 'echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag'  >> /etc/rc.local
echo 'echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled'  >> /etc/rc.local

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

文件数设置

代码块

language	shell

ulimit -SHn 65535
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF
* soft nofile 655360
* hard nofile 131072
* soft nproc 655350
* hard nproc 655350
* soft memlock unlimited
* hard memlock unlimitedd
EOF

linux 内核参数调优

配置内核路由转发及网桥过滤

代码块

language	shell

#将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF

#开启网桥模式【重要】
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1

#开启网桥模式【重要】
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=0

# 禁止使用 swap 空间，只有当系统 OOM 时才允许使用它
vm.swappiness=0

# 不检查物理内存是否够用
vm.overcommit_memory=1

# 开启 OOM
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.inotify.max_user_instances=8192
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=1048576
fs.file-max=52706963
fs.nr_open=52706963

#关闭ipv6【重要】
# net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
# net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720

# 下面的内核参数可以解决ipvs模式下长连接空闲超时的问题
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 10
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600
EOF

sysctl --system

加载网桥过滤模块

代码块

language	shell

modprobe br_netfilter
cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack 
modprobe -- br_netfilter
EOF

chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack_ipv4

# 查看网桥过滤模块是否成功加载
lsmod | grep br_netfilter

# 重新刷新配置
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

# 保证在节点重启后能自动加载所需模块
cat >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local << EOF
bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
EOF

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

时间同步

代码块

language	shell

yum install ntpdate -y

#ntpdate time.windows.com
ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com

# 或者配置crontab执行:
# `crontab -e`
# 0 */1 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com

echo "0 */1 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com" >> /var/spool/cron/root

信息
reboot 重启虚拟机，配置生效。

部署 Etcd 集群

准备证书

cfssl 是一个开源的证书管理工具，使用 json 文件生成证书，相比 openssl 更方便使用,找任意一台服务器操作，这里用 Master01 节点。

信息
Master01 节点上生成证书

1.获取 cfssl 工具

https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases

代码块

language	shell

mkdir -p /data/k8s-work
cd /data/k8s-work

# 把下载好的cfssl工具上传到服务器
[root@host51 k8s-work]# ls -l
总用量 25164
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11534488  8月 13 10:22 cfssl_1.6.5_linux_arm64
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  8126616  8月 13 10:37 cfssl-certinfo_1.6.5_linux_arm64
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  6095000  8月 13 10:36 cfssljson_1.6.5_linux_arm64
[root@host51 k8s-work]# 
[root@host51 k8s-work]# chmod +x cfssl*
[root@host51 k8s-work]# 
[root@host51 k8s-work]# ls -l
总用量 25164
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 11534488  8月 13 10:22 cfssl_1.6.5_linux_arm64
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  8126616  8月 13 10:37 cfssl-certinfo_1.6.5_linux_arm64
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  6095000  8月 13 10:36 cfssljson_1.6.5_linux_arm64
[root@host51 k8s-work]# 

mv cfssl_1.6.5_linux_arm64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssl-certinfo_1.6.5_linux_arm64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
mv cfssljson_1.6.5_linux_arm64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
cfssl version

2.自签证书颁发机构（CA）

代码块

language	shell

cd /data/k8s-work/

# 配置ca证书请求文件
cat > ca-csr.json <<"EOF"
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "key": {
      "algo": "rsa",
      "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "kubemsb",
      "OU": "CN"
    }
  ],
  "ca": {
          "expiry": "87600h"
  }
}
EOF

# 创建ca证书
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca

# 配置ca证书策略
cfssl print-defaults config > ca-config.json
cat > ca-config.json <<"EOF"
{
  "signing": {
      "default": {
          "expiry": "87600h"
        },
      "profiles": {
          "kubernetes": {
              "usages": [
                  "signing",
                  "key encipherment",
                  "server auth",
                  "client auth"
              ],
              "expiry": "87600h"
          }
      }
  }
}
EOF

3.使用自签 CA 签发 Etcd HTTPS 证书

代码块

language	shell

# 创建证书申请文件：
cat > etcd-csr.json << "EOF"
{
   "CN": "etcd",
   "hosts": [
       "127.0.0.1",
       "192.168.120.51",
       "192.168.120.52",
       "192.168.120.53",
       "192.168.120.151",
       "192.168.120.152"
   ],
   "key": {
     "algo": "rsa",
     "size": 2048
   },
   "names": [
     {
       "C": "CN",
       "L": "BeiJing",
       "ST": "BeiJing"
     }
   ]
}
EOF

# 生成证书： etcd.csr、etcd-key.pem、etcd.pem
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json | cfssljson  -bare etcd

信息
注：上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有etcd节点的集群内部通信IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容预留了2个临时IP

部署 Etcd 集群

https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases（版本：3.5.21）

信息
以下在 master1上操作，为简化操作，待会将master1 生成的所有文件拷贝到 master2 和节点 master3。

代码块

language	shell

tar zxvf etcd-v3.5.21-linux-arm64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.5.21-linux-arm64/{etcd,etcdctl} /usr/local/bin

[root@host51 tmp]# etcdctl version
etcdctl version: 3.5.21
API version: 3.5

# k8s-master1  etcd 配置
mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl /var/lib/etcd/default.etcd
cd /data/k8s-work/
cp ca*.pem /etc/etcd/ssl
cp etcd*.pem /etc/etcd/ssl

cat > /etc/etcd/etcd.conf << "EOF"
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.120.51:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.120.51:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.120.51:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.120.51:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=https://192.168.120.51:2380,etcd2=https://192.168.120.52:2380,etcd3=https://192.168.120.53:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF

说明：

ETCD_NAME：节点名称，集群中唯一
ETCD_DATA_DIR：数据目录
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：集群通信监听地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客户端访问监听地址
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS：集群通告地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客户端通告地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：集群节点地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN：集群Token
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE：加入集群的当前状态，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群

1.systemd 管理 etcd

代码块

language	shell

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << 'EOF'
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
Environment="ETCD_UNSUPPORTED_ARCH=arm64"
EnvironmentFile=/etc/etcd/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd \
  --cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
  --key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
  --trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
  --peer-cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
  --peer-key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
  --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
  --peer-client-cert-auth \
  --client-cert-auth
  --logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

信息
因为是arm环境，需要加上Environment="ETCD_UNSUPPORTED_ARCH=arm64"

2.将上面 master1 所有生成的文件拷贝到 master2 和 master3，修改etcd.conf文件

代码块

language	shell

ssh root@host52 "mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl/ && mkdir -p /var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
scp -rp /etc/etcd/* root@host52:/etc/etcd/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service  root@host52:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp -r /usr/local/bin/{etcd,etcdctl} root@host52:/usr/local/bin/

ssh root@host53 "mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl/ && mkdir -p /var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
scp -rp /etc/etcd/* root@host53:/etc/etcd/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service  root@host53:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp -r /usr/local/bin/{etcd,etcdctl} root@host53:/usr/local/bin/

# 修改etcd.conf文件
# k8s-master2  etcd配置
cat > /etc/etcd/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd2"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.120.52:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.120.52:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.120.52:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.120.52:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=https://192.168.120.51:2380,etcd2=https://192.168.120.52:2380,etcd3=https://192.168.120.53:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF


# k8s-master3  etcd配置
cat > /etc/etcd/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd3"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.120.53:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.120.53:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.120.53:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.120.53:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=https://192.168.120.51:2380,etcd2=https://192.168.120.52:2380,etcd3=https://192.168.120.53:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF


# 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart etcd
systemctl enable etcd
systemctl status etcd

3.查看集群状态

代码块

language	shell

[root@host51 k8s-work]# etcdctl member list
1bbc501e55ccdcbc, started, etcd3, https://192.168.120.53:2380, https://192.168.120.53:2379, false
c2bbef323a613a8d, started, etcd1, https://192.168.120.51:2380, https://192.168.120.51:2379, false
d38d45c2041ce6eb, started, etcd2, https://192.168.120.52:2380, https://192.168.120.52:2379, fals
[root@host51 bin]# 
[root@host51 k8s-work]# etcdctl member list -w table
+------------------+---------+-------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+
|        ID        | STATUS  | NAME  |         PEER ADDRS          |        CLIENT ADDRS         | IS LEARNER |
+------------------+---------+-------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+
| 1bbc501e55ccdcbc | started | etcd3 | https://192.168.120.53:2380 | https://192.168.120.53:2379 |      false |
| c2bbef323a613a8d | started | etcd1 | https://192.168.120.51:2380 | https://192.168.120.51:2379 |      false |
| d38d45c2041ce6eb | started | etcd2 | https://192.168.120.52:2380 | https://192.168.120.52:2379 |      false |
+------------------+---------+-------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+

[root@host51 k8s-work]# ETCDCTL_API=3 /usr/local/bin/etcdctl --write-out=table --cacert=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem --key=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.120.51:2379,https://192.168.120.52:2379,https://192.168.120.53:2379" endpoint health
+-----------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
|          ENDPOINT           | HEALTH |    TOOK     | ERROR |
+-----------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
| https://192.168.120.51:2379 |   true |  9.879548ms |       |
| https://192.168.120.52:2379 |   true |  9.925658ms |       |
| https://192.168.120.53:2379 |   true | 10.123852ms |       |
+-----------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
[root@host51 k8s-work]# 

# endpoint status 
# endpoint health

安装 Docker 和 cri-dockerd

部署 docker

所有机器，自行部署，省略

部署 cri-dockerd

所有机器，自行安装

https://github.com/Mirantis/cri-dockerd/releases

代码块

language	shell

wget https://github.com/Mirantis/cri-dockerd/releases/download/v0.3.19/cri-dockerd-0.3.19.arm64.tgz
tar zxvf cri-dockerd-0.3.19.arm64.tgz
mv cri-dockerd/cri-dockerd /usr/bin/
ls -l /usr/bin/cri-dockerd

# 创建配置文件
cat >/usr/lib/systemd/system/cri-docker.service << "EOF"
[Unit]
Description=CRI Interface for Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.mirantis.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service docker.service
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/bin/cri-dockerd --network-plugin=cni --pod-infra-container-image=registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.9
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
TimeoutSec=0
RestartSec=2
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# 启动并设置开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start cri-docker
systemctl enable cri-docker

部署负载均衡

kube-apiserver 是无状态的，通过 nginx 进行代理访问，从而保证服务可用性

nginx 做反向代理，后端连接所有的 kube-apiserver 实例，并提供健康检查和负载均衡功能；keepalived 提供 kube-apiserver 对外服务的VIP；

nginx 监听的端口16443需要与 kube-apiserver 的端口6443不同，避免冲突。

nginx 安装和配置，主从服务都需要安装

直接使用 rpm 包部署，麒麟V10 直接下载 NGINX 的 Centos8 的 rpm 包就行

代码块

language	shell

dnf -y install nginx-1.28.0-1.el8.ngx.aarch64.rpm

nginx 配置

vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 新增如下信息：

代码块

language	nginx

stream {
    # 添加socket转发的代理
    upstream socket_proxy {
        hash $remote_addr consistent;
        # 转发的目的地址和端口
        server 192.168.120.51:6443 weight=5 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
        server 192.168.120.52:6443 weight=5 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
        server 192.168.120.53:6443 weight=5 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
    }
    # 提供转发的服务，即访问localhost:6443，会跳转至代理socket_proxy指定的转发地址
    server {
       listen 6443;
       proxy_connect_timeout 1s;
       proxy_timeout 3s;
       proxy_pass socket_proxy;
    }
}

配置开机自启服务

代码块

language	shell

# rm -f /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
systemctl start nginx && systemctl enable nginx

keepalived 安装和配置

1.安装keepalived

代码块

language	shell

yum install -y keepalived

2.修改配置文件

代码块

language	shell

cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak
vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

# kd01
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << "EOF"
global_defs {
    router_id kd01
}

vrrp_script check_run {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_web.sh"
    interval 5
    weight 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface enp0s11
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 2
    nopreempt

    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 2222
    }

    unicast_src_ip 192.168.120.54
    unicast_peer {
        192.168.120.55
        192.168.120.56
    }

    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.120.50
    }

    track_script {
        check_run
    }
}
EOF

# kd02
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << "EOF"
global_defs {
    router_id kd02
}

vrrp_script check_run {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_web.sh"
    interval 5
    weight 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface enp0s11
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 90
    advert_int 2
    nopreempt

    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 2222
    }

    unicast_src_ip 192.168.120.55
    unicast_peer {
        192.168.120.54
        192.168.120.56
    }

    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.120.50
    }

    track_script {
        check_run
    }
}
EOF

# kd03
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << "EOF"
global_defs {
    router_id kd03
}

vrrp_script check_run {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_web.sh"
    interval 5
    weight 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface enp0s11
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 80
    advert_int 2
    nopreempt

    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 2222
    }

    unicast_src_ip 192.168.120.56
    unicast_peer {
        192.168.120.54
        192.168.120.55
    }

    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.120.50
    }

    track_script {
        check_run
    }
}
EOF

3.编写 nginx 监控脚本

如果nginx服务停止，keepalived服务也停止，并切换到备主机。脚本如下：/etc/keepalived/check_web.sh

代码块

language	shell

cat > /etc/keepalived/check_web.sh << "EOF"
#!/bin/bash
num=$(ps -C nginx --no-header | wc -l)
if [ $num -eq 0 ]; then
    systemctl restart nginx
    sleep 10
    num=$(ps -C nginx --no-header | wc -l)
    if [ $num -eq 0 ]; then
        systemctl stop keepalived
    fi
fi
EOF

chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_web.sh

4.配置开机自启 keepalived 服务

代码块

language	shell

systemctl start keepalived
systemctl enable keepalived
systemctl status keepalived

kubernetes 集群部署

https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.28.md#downloads-for-v1281

信息
注意选择 arm 版本

下载并解压安装包

代码块

language	shell

wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.28.15/kubernetes-server-linux-arm64.tar.gz
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-arm64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin/
cp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl /usr/local/bin/

mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ssl
mkdir -p /var/log/kubernetes

# Kubernetes软件分发
scp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl host52:/usr/local/bin/
scp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl host53:/usr/local/bin/

部署 kube-apiserver

1.创建 apiserver 证书请求文件

代码块

language	shell

cd /data/k8s-work/

cat > kube-apiserver-csr.json << "EOF"
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "192.168.120.50",
    "192.168.120.51",
    "192.168.120.52",
    "192.168.120.53",
    "192.168.120.151",
    "192.168.120.152",
    "10.96.0.1",
    "kubernetes",
    "kubernetes.default",
    "kubernetes.default.svc",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "kubemsb",
      "OU": "CN"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

# 生成apiserver证书及token文件
# 生成kube-apiserver.csr、kube-apiserver-key.pem、kube-apiserver.pem

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-apiserver-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-apiserver

#生成token.csv
cat > token.csv << EOF
$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '),kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
EOF

信息
注：上述文件 hosts 字段中 IP 为所有 Master/LB/VIP IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的 IP。

2.创建配置文件

代码块

language	shell

cat > /etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver.conf << "EOF"
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS=" \
  --bind-address=192.168.120.51 \
  --advertise-address=192.168.120.51 \
  --secure-port=6443 \
  --allow-privileged=true \
  --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC \
  --anonymous-auth=false \
  --runtime-config=api/all=true \
  --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,NodeRestriction,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota \
  --enable-bootstrap-token-auth \
  --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv \
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/16 \
  --service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
  --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver.pem \
  --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver-key.pem \
  --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver.pem \
  --kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver-key.pem \
  --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --service-account-issuer=api \
  --etcd-servers=https://192.168.120.51:2379,https://192.168.120.52:2379,https://192.168.120.53:2379 \
  --etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
  --etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
  --etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
  --enable-aggregator-routing=true \
  --requestheader-allowed-names=kubernetes \
  --requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \
  --requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \
  --requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User \
  --apiserver-count=3 \
  --event-ttl=1h \
  --audit-log-maxage=30 \
  --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \
  --audit-log-maxsize=100 \
  --audit-log-path=/var/log/kube-apiserver-audit.log \
  \
  --v=4"
EOF

3.证书拷贝

代码块

language	shell

cd /data/k8s-work/
cp ca*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
cp kube-apiserver*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
cp token.csv /etc/kubernetes/

4.创建 apiserver 服务管理配置文件

代码块

language	shell

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << "EOF"
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

5.同步文件到集群 master 节点

代码块

language	shell

scp /etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca*.pem host52:/etc/kubernetes/ssl
scp /etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca*.pem host53:/etc/kubernetes/ssl

scp /etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver*.pem host52:/etc/kubernetes/ssl
scp /etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver*.pem host53:/etc/kubernetes/ssl

scp /etc/kubernetes/token.csv host52:/etc/kubernetes
scp /etc/kubernetes/token.csv host53:/etc/kubernetes

#需要修改为对应主机的ip地址
scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver.conf host52:/etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver.conf
scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver.conf host53:/etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver.conf

scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service host52:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service host53:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service

6.启动服务

代码块

language	shell

# 启动：
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-apiserver

# 验证：
curl --insecure https://192.168.120.51:6443/
curl --insecure https://192.168.120.52:6443/
curl --insecure https://192.168.120.53:6443/
curl --insecure https://192.168.120.50:6443/
{
  "kind": "Status",
  "apiVersion": "v1",
  "metadata": {},
  "status": "Failure",
  "message": "Unauthorized",
  "reason": "Unauthorized",
  "code": 401
}

部署 kube-controller-manager

1.创建 kube-controller-manager 证书请求文件

代码块

language	shell

cd /data/k8s-work
cat > kube-controller-manager-csr.json << "EOF"
{
    "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "hosts": [
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.120.51",
      "192.168.120.52",
      "192.168.120.53"
    ],
    "names": [
      {
        "C": "CN",
        "ST": "Beijing",
        "L": "Beijing",
        "O": "system:kube-controller-manager",
        "OU": "system"
      }
    ]
}
EOF

2.创建 kube-controller-manager 证书文件

kube-controller-manager.csr
kube-controller-manager-csr.json
kube-controller-manager-key.pem
kube-controller-manager.pem

代码块

language	shell

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager

3.创建 kube-controller-manager 的 kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig

代码块

language	shell

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=./ca.pem --embed-certs=true \
--server=https://192.168.120.50:6443 \
--kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig

kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-controller-manager \
--client-certificate=./kube-controller-manager.pem \
--client-key=./kube-controller-manager-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig

kubectl config set-context system:kube-controller-manager \
--cluster=kubernetes --user=system:kube-controller-manager \
--kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig

kubectl config use-context system:kube-controller-manager \
--kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig

4.创建 kube-controller-manager 配置文件

代码块

language	shell

cat > kube-controller-manager.conf << "EOF"
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS=" \
  --secure-port=10257 \
  --bind-address=127.0.0.1 \
  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/16 \
  --cluster-name=kubernetes \
  --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --allocate-node-cidrs=true \
  --cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \
  --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --leader-elect=true \
  --feature-gates=RotateKubeletServerCertificate=true \
  --controllers=*,bootstrapsigner,tokencleaner \
  --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-controller-manager.pem \
  --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-controller-manager-key.pem \
  --use-service-account-credentials=true \
  --cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s \
  --v=2"
EOF

5.创建服务启动文件

代码块

language	shell

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << "EOF"
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/etc/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

6.同步文件到集群 master 节点

代码块

language	shell

cp kube-controller-manager*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
cp kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig /etc/kubernetes/
cp kube-controller-manager.conf /etc/kubernetes/

scp  kube-controller-manager*.pem host52:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
scp  kube-controller-manager*.pem host53:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/

scp  kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig kube-controller-manager.conf host52:/etc/kubernetes/
scp  kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig kube-controller-manager.conf host53:/etc/kubernetes/

scp  /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service  host52:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp  /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service  host53:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

7.启动服务

代码块

language	shell

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable --now kube-controller-manager
systemctl status kube-controller-manager

部署 kube-scheduler

1.创建 kube-scheduler 证书请求文件

代码块

language	shell

cd /data/k8s-work
cat > kube-scheduler-csr.json << "EOF"
{
    "CN": "system:kube-scheduler",
    "hosts": [],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
      {
        "C": "CN",
        "ST": "Beijing",
        "L": "Beijing",
        "O": "system:kube-scheduler",
        "OU": "system"
      }
    ]
}
EOF

2.

目录

空间快捷链接

页面树结构

版本比较

旧版本 1

新版本 2

标识

前言

软件环境

操作系统初始化配置

安装依赖包

集群 ip 映射

关闭防火墙,关闭 selinux，禁用 swap 分区

禁用 linux 的透明大页、标准大页

文件数设置

linux 内核参数调优

加载网桥过滤模块

时间同步

部署 Etcd 集群

准备证书

部署 Etcd 集群

安装 Docker 和 cri-dockerd

部署 docker

部署 cri-dockerd

部署负载均衡

nginx 安装和配置，主从服务都需要安装

keepalived 安装和配置

kubernetes 集群部署

下载并解压安装包

部署 kube-apiserver

部署 kube-controller-manager

部署 kube-scheduler

空间快捷链接

页面树结构

页面历史记录

版本比较

旧版本 1

新版本 2

标识

前言

软件环境

操作系统初始化配置

安装依赖包

集群 ip 映射

关闭防火墙,关闭 selinux，禁用 swap 分区

禁用 linux 的透明大页、标准大页

文件数设置

linux 内核参数调优

加载网桥过滤模块

时间同步

部署 Etcd 集群

准备证书

部署 Etcd 集群

安装 Docker 和 cri-dockerd

部署 docker

部署 cri-dockerd

部署负载均衡

nginx 安装和配置，主从服务都需要安装

keepalived 安装和配置

kubernetes 集群部署

下载并解压安装包

部署 kube-apiserver

部署 kube-controller-manager

部署 kube-scheduler